The Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP)
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yesterday - last edited yesterday
The Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP)
The principle of least privilege is a simple but powerful security idea. It means that every user or program on a computer should have only the minimum access or permission needed to do their job — nothing extra.
For example, if you only need to write reports, you don’t need permission to install software or change system settings. By limiting access this way, you reduce the chances of mistakes or attacks that could harm your system. Even computer programs follow this rule — each one gets just enough permission to work safely, not full control.
When people or programs have more access than they need, hackers have more ways to break in. That’s why it’s best to use your computer with regular user rights most of the time, and only switch to admin rights when absolutely necessary.
Why It Matters
Poor computer habits plus too many unmanaged high-level accounts make it easier for hackers and malware to spread.Benefits of Using Least Privilege:
Stronger protection: Lower risk of hacks and data breaches.
Smaller attack surface: Fewer entry points for attackers.
Less malware spread: Viruses can’t move as freely.
Better stability: Fewer unwanted system changes.
Easier audits: Security checks and compliance become simpler.
Best Practices:
Keep track of who has special (“privileged”) accounts.
Regularly review these accounts to make sure people have only the access they need.
Monitor activity from high-privilege accounts for anything unusual.
Follow strict offboarding steps when employees leave, so their access is removed right away.
Revisit roles and permissions from time to time to stay aligned with real job needs.
By following these habits, you create a safer and more reliable computing environment for everyone.
