NLU intents

  • Release version: Xanadu
  • Updated August 1, 2024
  • 3 minutes to read
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    Summary of NLU intents

    NLU intents are fundamental components in ServiceNow’s Natural Language Understanding models that map user inputs to specific system actions. They enable Virtual Agent and Search to understand and respond accurately to user requests by translating natural language utterances into actionable commands. A well-designed set of intents, supported by relevant utterances, vocabulary, and entities, enhances the model’s comprehension and prediction accuracy.

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    Managing Intents

    Within a model, you can create and manage up to 750 intents, but practical performance considerations suggest keeping the number below 300 intents or 4,500 utterances to avoid longer training and publishing times. Intents can be enabled or disabled; however, intents linked to published Virtual Agent topics cannot be deactivated or deleted. Always retrain your model after modifying intent statuses.

    Utterances and Vocabulary

    Each intent requires a minimum of 5 example utterances to train the model effectively. Utterances are user input examples that the model learns to associate with an intent. They must be under 25 words or 200 characters, and a model can support up to 20,000 utterances in total. Adding domain-specific vocabulary improves prediction accuracy, and you can reference vocabulary entries in utterances using the @ symbol.

    Entities and Context

    Entities provide contextual details within utterances to help the model understand user intent more precisely. Associating entities with utterances enriches the model’s ability to perform the intended system actions.

    Intent Conflicts and Issue Resolution

    Large models may encounter overlapping or conflicting intents, which can confuse the model during prediction. The Intents page highlights such issues via cards that help identify intents needing review or additional utterances. Resolving these issues is essential to maintain model accuracy and reliable operation.

    Additional Capabilities

    • Creating Intents: You can create new intents tailored to your organization’s needs to extend your NLU model’s capabilities.
    • Reusing Intents: To save time, import and reuse intents from prebuilt or existing models within the same application scope.
    • Managing Utterances: Utterances can be edited, copied, moved, or deleted individually or in bulk, enabling efficient content management within intents.

    By carefully designing intents with sufficient utterances, relevant vocabulary, and entities while monitoring for conflicts, ServiceNow customers can build robust NLU models that enhance Virtual Agent and Search effectiveness, leading to more accurate and reliable user interactions.

    Intents drive your models' responses by matching a system action to user inputs. Models with good intents help Virtual Agent and Search respond to your users accurately.

    Think of intents as the core that drives the comprehension of natural language. Intents help the models translate utterances from your users into actions that the system can perform. Intents perform best if your utterances, entities, and vocabulary work together to support your model. Using vocabulary and realistic utterance examples can help the system to be more accurate when predicting intents.

    When creating your Natural Language Understanding (NLU) model, you add intents to match user inputs with system actions. The more intents that a model has, the more actions it can take when it receives utterances from your users. Model intents can perform various actions, from creating hardware service requests to adding users to groups.

    To access your model's intents, navigate to a model's overview page. In the Build and train your model phase, select View phase. The Intents tab shows by default.

    Intents tab of the Build and train your model phase

    A model can contain up to 750 intents. However, models with over 300 intents or 4500 utterances, whichever comes first, take longer to train, test, and publish.

    Note:
    As you create intents, keep in mind that they can sometimes impact each other. For example, you build and test an intent that works on one or two utterances. But when you test it in a larger intent environment, it might behave differently. To reduce the likelihood of such an event, you may want to create at least five intents in a model before you start proper testing.

    To start adding content to your model, see Create an NLU intent.

    The Enabled column shows whether or not the intent is active in predictions. An NLU admin can deactivate an individual intent but keep it in the model.

    However, if an intent is mapped to a published Virtual Agent topic:

    • You cannot deactivate the intent.
    • You cannot delete the intent.
    After changing the Enabled status of an intent, retrain the model.

    Utterances

    Intents contain training utterances, which are examples of inputs that the model may see from your users. Each intent in a model has its own utterances. When trained, the model learns to recognize similar utterances from your users and then respond with the matching intent.

    Select an intent to access the intent details page. The Utterances tab lists all the utterances currently in the intent.

    Utterances tab for an example intent.

    After adding utterances, you can edit, copy, move, or delete the utterances using the icons in the right column. You can move or delete multiple utterances by selecting the box on the left first and using the Perform action on selected rows button.

    Here are some things to consider when adding utterances to intents:
    • A model must have at least 1 intent, with a minimum of 5 utterances in each intent.
    • An intent needs at least 5 utterances to begin training.
    • The system currently supports utterances up to 25 words or 200 characters. Utterances that exceed that limit fail to return an intent prediction.
    • The system currently supports up to 20,000 utterances in a single model.
    • Models with more than 4,500 utterances take longer to train, test, and publish.

    Provide vocabulary for any words or phrases that are relevant to your organization or domain when adding utterances to your model. The vocabulary helps with intent prediction for words and phrases that your users are likely to use. You can use the @ symbol when adding an utterance to call on a vocabulary source. For more context and examples, see NLU vocabulary.

    Associated entities

    Your model uses entities to provide additional context and meaning when predicting user input. You add entities to the training utterances of your intent to provide the system with more information to perform the intended action.

    The Associated entities tab for an example intent.

    For more information, see NLU entities.

    Intent issues

    Building large models increases the chance that intents overlap, conflict, or fail to contain enough training utterances. For example, the utterance examples in one intent may end up identical to the examples in another intent. If your intents conflict, the model may not know which intent to predict when receiving user input.

    If your model has issues or conflicts, the Intents page displays cards showing the number of intents affected. In the Intents tab of the Build and train your model phase, the issue cards are highlighted.

    Select a card to see a filtered list of intents with that issue. Resolving issues ensures that your intents meet the requirements and work as intended.

    For more information, see Resolve intent issues.