OAuth
OAuth based authentication validates the identity of the client that attempts to establish a trust on the system by using an authentication protocol.
OAuth 2.0 - Open Authorization is the industry-standard protocol for authorization, that ocuses on client developer simplicity while providing specific authorization flows for web applications, desktop applications, and mobile devices.
Inbound
Create an endpoint for external clients that want to access your instance. This creates an OAuth client application record and generates a client ID and client secret that the client needs to access the restricted resources on the instance. For more information see, OAuth inbound.