In the early days of enterprise computing, businesses managed their technology needs with ad hoc solutions, relying on IT managers or system architects to piece together systems that supported basic operations. However, as technology became more integral to business strategy, the need for a specialized role that could reconcile IT infrastructure with long-term business goals became apparent. This led to the formalization of the enterprise architect position in the late 20th century, a role designed to ensure that technology not only supported but also drove business innovation.
Enterprise architects are now widely considered pivotal in shaping the technological landscape of organizations. As the scope of IT has expanded to include cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, the role has likewise evolved to focus on creating comprehensive strategies for integrating these advanced technologies. Enterprise architects are now responsible for developing and communicating the technical vision that aligns with business objectives, guiding the organization through digital transformation while maintaining coherence across teams, projects, and systems.
While their specific tasks may vary depending on the organization and industry, the core responsibilities remain relatively consistent. Below are some of the main responsibilities associated with this career:
- Enterprise architecture design
Enterprise architects create and maintain the architecture framework that guides the development and deployment of IT systems, ensuring that all components work together seamlessly.
- Architecture governance
Establishing and enforcing governance policies helps ensure that all IT projects adhere to the architecture standards, promoting consistency and alignment with the organization’s objectives.
- Strategic planning
Enterprise architects collaborate with business leaders to develop long-term IT strategies that support business goals, ensuring that technology investments are in harmony with the organization's vision.
- Stakeholder management
Managing relationships with stakeholders, including business leaders and IT teams, is crucial to ensure that their needs and concerns are addressed throughout the architecture lifecycle.
- Technology evaluation
By assessing new technologies to determine their suitability for the organization, enterprise architects are responsible for integrating IT solutions with the overall architecture strategy. - Change management
Enterprise architects help oversee IT change management processes, ensuring that any changes to the IT environment are aligned with the enterprise architecture and do not disrupt business operations.
As organizations grow more complex, there is a growing need for specialization within enterprise architecture. Enterprise architects often focus on specific areas of the business and technology landscape to ensure that the organization's strategic objectives inform all aspects of its IT infrastructure. Some of the more common EA specializations include:
- IT enterprise architect
IT enterprise architects are responsible for designing and optimizing the organization's IT infrastructure. They focus on areas like network architecture, cloud computing, and IT service management to ensure that the technology framework supports business operations efficiently and securely.
- Data enterprise architect
Developing and managing data architecture within the organization is the focus of the data enterprise architect. They design frameworks for data storage, integration, governance, and analytics, effectively leveraging data assets to support decision-making and provide actionable business insights. - Business enterprise architect
hese architects incorporate business processes, capabilities, and strategies with the overall enterprise architecture. They collaborate with business stakeholders to identify opportunities for transformation and ensure that the technology solutions deployed are in sync with the organization’s strategic objectives
- Security enterprise architect
Security enterprise architects are responsible for integrating comprehensive cybersecurity measures into the enterprise architecture. They design and implement security protocols related to network security, identity management, and data protection, safeguarding the organization against cyber threats.
- Solution enterprise architect
Solution architects are tasked with designing and integrating end-to-end solutions that address specific business challenges. They ensure that these solutions adhere to the enterprise architecture principles and meet both functional and non-functional requirements, enabling seamless system integration.
- Technology enterprise architect
Technology enterprise architects evaluate and implement emerging technologies within the enterprise. They assess new technology trends, develop architecture designs for technology adoption, and provide strategic recommendations to enhance the organization’s technological capabilities and competitive edge.
Those who excel as enterprise architects develop a blend of technical, business, and leadership skills to support them in the role. High-performing enterprise architects are not only adept at designing and managing complex IT environments; they also know how to lead teams through transformation efforts. If you are interested in pursuing a career as an enterprise architect, the following capabilities will help make it happen:
- Expertise in IT infrastructure
Enterprise architects need comprehensive knowledge of IT systems, network configurations, security protocols, and hardware to design resilient and efficient architectures.
- Software development skills
Understanding programming languages and software development methodologies is essential for enterprise architects to guide the creation of scalable and maintainable software solutions that meet the enterprise’s needs. - Familiarity with data architecture
Proficiency in data architecture is critical for managing and optimizing how data is stored, accessed, and used across the organization, ensuring it supports decision-making and business intelligence.
- Cloud computing
Enterprise architects must be familiar with cloud platforms and services to design architectures that leverage cloud solutions for scalability, cost efficiency, and innovation.
To effectively bridge the gap between technology and business strategy, enterprise architects must possess a solid foundation in various technical domains.
- Strategy
Enterprise architects are heavily involved in determining the correct approach to IT, ensuring that any initiatives help drive long-term growth.
- Problem-solving skills
Identifying weaknesses in IT infrastructure and devising effective solutions are crucial for maintaining system integrity and supporting business operations.
Proficiency in data architecture is critical for managing and optimizing how data is stored, accessed, and used across the organization, ensuring it supports decision-making and business intelligence.
- Communication skills
Clear and effective communication is vital, as enterprise architects must articulate complex technical concepts to both technical and non-technical stakeholders.
- Decision-making
Enterprise architects are responsible for making informed decisions on IT strategies, policies, and technology investments.
- Team management
Leadership skills are essential for managing IT teams, ensuring that projects are completed efficiently and that team members are motivated and productive.
Beyond technical expertise, enterprise architects must also excel in business-oriented skills that enable them to bridge the gap between IT strategies and organizational goals.
Between the range of responsibilities and various specializations that fall under the umbrella of enterprise architect, it can be easy to confuse this role with other, similar jobs. Solution architects and technical architects are types of enterprise architecture, but with certain differences that make these terms nonsynonymous with one another:
- Enterprise architect
Enterprise architects provide a broad, strategic view of the organization's entire IT landscape. They ensure that all technology initiatives support long-term business objectives, and that the IT infrastructure supports the organization’s vision.
- Solution architect
Solution architects concentrate on specific projects or solutions within the larger enterprise framework. They design and manage the implementation of applications or systems, ensuring that these solutions meet immediate business needs and integrate smoothly within the broader architecture.
- Technical architect
Technical architects focus on the technical details of implementing a solution. They develop the technical specifications and guidelines needed to build specific systems or platforms.
Emergent technologies are creating bold new opportunities for businesses in all areas. That said, taking full advantage of these opportunities requires a clear strategy for coordinating technology initiatives to fully support organizational objectives. Enterprise architects are responsible for developing this strategic vision, ensuring that every technology decision contributes to the organization’s overall success.
As such, there are several important benefits to making enterprise architecture a focus:
Enterprise architects ensure that technology investments contribute to the organization’s strategic goals. This alignment transforms the IT department from a cost center into a critical driver of business value, ensuring that every technological effort supports broader business aims.
Enterprise architects are expected to enhance their organizations’ agility. In a fast-paced business environment, the ability to adapt quickly to changes is vital. Enterprise architects design flexible IT frameworks and strategies that allow the organization to respond swiftly to new market conditions, ensuring that the business remains competitive and resilient in the face of change.
By taking a holistic view of the organization, enterprise architects identify and eliminate inefficiencies in processes and resource utilization. Their strategic oversight helps streamline operations, leading to significant cost savings over time. These savings can then be reinvested into the business, fueling further growth and innovation.
Enterprise architects bring a forward-looking perspective that is invaluable in decision-making processes. They provide insights into how emerging technologies will impact the business, helping leaders make informed decisions that are in line with both current needs and future trends. This strategic foresight ensures that the organization is well-prepared for technological advancements and market shifts.
Managing risk is another critical area where enterprise architects add value. They oversee the implementation of new IT solutions and anticipate potential challenges that could arise, whether from integration issues, security vulnerabilities, or resistance to change. By working proactively with other teams, they mitigate these risks, ensuring that new initiatives are rolled out smoothly and securely.
Enterprise architects in the United States can expect to earn a competitive salary that reflects their strategic importance. According to Glassdoor, the total average compensation for an enterprise architect is approximately $210K per year. This figure includes a base salary averaging around $150K, with additional compensation (such as bonuses, commissions, and profit sharing) contributing another ~60K annually. The full salary range for this role typically falls between $171K and $262K per year, depending on factors such as experience, education, and the size of the company.
Salaries also vary based on the architect’s level of seniority. Entry-level enterprise architects usually earn between $63K and $204K per year, while those at higher levels with more than five years of experience can expect salaries ranging from $70K to $189K. On the other hand, some top-paying companies offer compensation packages that exceed the industry average.
Embarking on a career as an enterprise architect involves a continuous journey of learning and growth. Given the complexity of this role, the initial focus should be on building a strong technical foundation, honing self-discipline, and gaining relevant experience. As you set out on this path, consider the following key steps:
The first step towards a career as an enterprise architect is obtaining a relevant degree. Most enterprise architects hold at least a bachelor's degree in fields such as computer science, information technology, software engineering, network security, or data science.
These programs provide the technical foundation and problem-solving skills necessary for understanding and managing complex IT environments. Some employers may prefer candidates with a master’s degree, particularly in business administration (MBA) or a specialized IT discipline, which can further enhance your strategic planning abilities.
- Certified technical Architect (CTA)
Part of ServiceNow Expert Programs, the CTA certification emphasizes peer-to-peer learning and collaboration within a cohort model, allowing participants to explore multiple approaches to solving architectural issues while building a network of industry professionals.
- Certified master architect (CMA)
The CMA program is also offered by ServiceNow, and like CTA, this certification is cohort-based and designed to foster professional relationships through team-building activities and discussions. It focuses on advanced architectural strategies and leveraging others’ expertise to address complex challenges.
- Certified workflow architect (CWA)
CWA is another certification program provided through ServiceNow. This certification centers on designing and implementing customer service workflows, translating technical requirements for stakeholders, and integrating ServiceNow capabilities to meet specific business outcomes in various industries.
- The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) certification
This is one of the most recognized certifications for enterprise architects, covering a comprehensive framework for designing and implementing enterprise IT architecture.
- Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)
Offered by (ISC)², this certification is essential for those focusing on cybersecurity within enterprise architecture.
- Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) and Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
Both certifications, offered by ISACA, validate skills in managing and auditing information security systems, critical components of enterprise architecture.
- Systems Engineering Professional certification
Provided by the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE), this certification is ideal for those focusing on the engineering aspects of enterprise architecture.
Experience is a crucial element in the journey to becoming an enterprise architect. It is generally recommended to have at least five to ten years of experience in IT before moving into this role. Early career roles such as software developer, network security specialist, or systems analyst provide the necessary technical expertise. As you gain experience, focus on areas like cloud computing, system architecture, and enterprise solutions. Working with specific enterprise architecture frameworks like Zachman or Gartner can also help you specialize and gain deeper insights into the field.
Networking is an essential part of advancing in any career, and enterprise architecture is no exception. Building connections with experienced professionals can open up opportunities for mentorship, collaboration, and career advancement. Attend industry conferences, participate in professional organizations, and join online forums related to enterprise architecture. Engaging with the community will help you stay updated on industry trends, learn from others’ experiences, and discover job opportunities that are not widely advertised.
Enterprise architects are the backbone of modern digital transformation, creating an environment where technology, strategy, and objectives can exist fully in tandem. If you are ready to embark on or advance in this critical role, ServiceNow's Career Journey offers a comprehensive suite of resources designed to equip you with the skills and knowledge you need. Through a blend of structured learning paths, certifications, and practical experiences, Career Journeys prepares you for the challenges of enterprise architecture.
Access tailored learning paths that cater to various levels of experience, including foundational courses on IT architecture principles, advanced modules on system integration and governance, and hands-on labs that simulate real-world challenges. Additionally, Career Journeys provide access to certifications like TOGAF and ServiceNow-specific credentials, helping you validate your expertise and stand out in the field. Alongside the formal training, you will find opportunities for mentorship, networking, and community engagement— all easy to access and designed to help you excel as an enterprise architect.
