Change types
Summarize
Summary of Change Types
Change Management in ServiceNow aligns with ITIL's three service change types: standard, emergency, and normal. Each type dictates the state model and process to follow, ensuring effective change implementation within IT services.
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Key Features
- Standard Change: These are pre-authorized, low-risk changes that follow a specified procedure. They are frequently implemented and have a successful history, allowing for a streamlined process that does not require group or CAB approval. Standard changes can be predefined in a catalog for efficiency.
- Emergency Change: These changes must be implemented immediately to address critical issues, such as major incidents or security patches. They bypass normal review processes and go directly to CAB approval. Emergency changes handle urgent situations where service impact is imminent or has already occurred.
- Normal Change: Any change that is neither standard nor emergency. Normal changes require a detailed approval process, including peer, technical, and CAB authorization, to minimize service disruption. They are typically scheduled outside of blackout or maintenance windows.
Key Outcomes
Understanding these change types enables ServiceNow customers to effectively manage service changes, ensuring appropriate processes are followed based on the urgency and risk associated with each change. This clarity enhances operational efficiency and service reliability.
Change Management supports the three types of service changes ITIL describes — standard, emergency, and normal. The change type determines which state model is invoked and the change process that must be followed.
- Standard change
A standard change is a pre-authorized change that is low risk, relatively common and follows a specified procedure or work instruction.
A standard change is one that is frequently implemented, has repeatable implementation steps, and has a proven history of success. As Standard changes are pre-approved, they follow a stream lined process in which group level or peer approval and CAB authorization steps are not required.
Approved standard change requests can be predefined in a catalog of templates to make accessing and requesting a standard change more efficient. This ability also enables the Change Management team to control the changes that are authorized as standard.
- Emergency change
A change that must be implemented as soon as possible, for example to resolve a major incident or implement a security patch. This change is of such a high priority that it bypasses group and peer review and approval and goes straight to the Authorization state for approval by the CAB approval group.
Emergency changes cover the following types of emergencies:
- Fix on fail or retroactive situations where the impact to service has already been experienced.
- Fail or fail situations where the impact to service is imminent if action is not taken.
During an emergency change, there are chances that an unplanned CI change activity occurs. During such a case, an unauthorized change request is created and sent for approvals. For more information, see Unauthorized change request.
- Normal change
Any service change that is not a standard change or an emergency change.
Normal change requests follow a prescriptive process which requires two levels of approval before being implemented, reviewed, and closed. These changes require a full range of assessments and authorizations such as peer or technical approval, change management, and Change Advisory Board (CAB) authorization, to ensure completeness, accuracy, and the least possible disruption to service. These changes are most often scheduled outside of defined change blackout windows or during defined maintenance windows. The normal type is used to implement beneficial change for any change to a service that is not a standard or emergency change.